Dominant (of a phase which is longer lived)

When we say a life cycle stage is "dominant," we mean that it is the more conspicuous, larger, and longer-lived phase in the life cycle of an organism. In the context of plant life cycles:

1. **Dominant Phase:**
   - If the sporophyte is dominant, it means that the plant spends most of its life in the diploid (2n) state.
   - Vascular plants like trees and flowering plants typically have a dominant sporophyte phase.

2. **Independent Phase:**
   - If the gametophyte is independent, it means that this haploid (1n) phase can exist and grow on its own.
   - In some plants, like mosses and ferns, the gametophyte is a separate and free-living organism. It can carry out its own metabolic functions and reproduce independently.

So, "dominant" refers to the stage that is more prominent in the life cycle, and "independent" means that the organism at that stage can exist and function on its own, rather than being dependent on the other stage.

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